When a part of the synovial membrane is taken out for medical examination it is known as Synovial Biopsy.

When regular diagnostic methods have failed to comprehend the underlying problem and conclusive clinical evidence is required to determine the cause of problem affecting the membrane, synovial biopsy is undertaken.

Local anesthesia is given to the patient to make the procedure painless or tolerable. Then by a closed needle procedure or arthroscopy the tissue is removed. Closed Needle Process: After injecting local anesthesia, an instrument called trocar which is slightly bigger than a needle, is injected and through a tissue grabber a sample of synovial membrane is taken out. Arthroscopy: A tiny camera is inserted through a small cut enabling the surgeon to get a clear view of the inside and then with another small cut, the surgeon removes a part of the lining.

Either the result would indicate normal membrane or would signify towards a deeper and serious problem which could be prevalence of gout, synovial cancer, tuberculosis, chronic arthritis, fungal infection, too much accumulation of iron deposits or an autoimmune disease.

When the synovial membrane or lining of a joint gets affected by any condition and endures damage it has to be treated by a procedure termed as Synovectomy under which a part of the membrane or the entire membrane is removed depending on the severity.

Each joint is enclosed in a membrane known as synovial membrane which secretes a lubricating fluid that enables easy and smooth movement of the joints. Sometimes the synovium becomes enlarged and produces too much fluid which is damaging for the cartilage of the joint surface and thus needs to be removed for proper functionality of the joint.

The process is undertaken when non-surgical methods have proven ineffective to relieve patients suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis, septic arthritis, other forms of chronic arthritis such as hemophilia or chondromatosis, synovial tumors or stiffness in the joints.

Synovectomy can be performed either as an open surgery or arthroscopically with special surgical instruments, optic camera and minimal cuts to enable painless release.

Even though it is a safe procedure, the probable complications that might occur are stiffness or soreness in the joint, an injury to any nerve or blood vessel, damage to a cartilage or ligament, blood clot or infection.

It brings drastic improvement in the functionality of the joint as well as relief in the pain and with continuous medication, the patient is ensured that other joints would stay protected and the treated joint would not be affected again.

If the joints are not treated by Synovectomy then the articular cartilage will completely become destructed and the patient would have to undergo joint replacement surgery thereafter.

• Frozen Shoulder
•  Shoulder Dislocation / Shoulder Instability
•  Rotator Cuff Tears / Injuries
•  Scapula Fractures
•  Shoulder Replacement
•  Impingement Syndrome
•  Proximal Humeral Fractures
•  Clavicle Fractures
•  Loose Body Removal
•  Synovial Biopsy / Synovectomy
•  Slap Injury and Repair
•  AC Joint Injury
•  PASTA Lesion and Repair

• Elbow Arthroscopy
•  Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
•  Tennis Elbow
•  Radial Head Fractures
•  Elbow Stiffness
•  Elbow Fractures
•  Elbow Replacement
•  Olecranon Bursitis
•  Snapping Elbow (Plica)
•  Distal Biceps Tendon Tear
•  Triceps Tendon Tear

•  Wrist Replacement
•  Kienbock’s Disease
•  Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tear
•  De Quevain’s Tenosynovitis
•  Wrist Injury

• Hand and Wrist Fractures
•  Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
•  Basal Joint Thumb Arthritis
•  Distal Radius Fracture
•  Scaphoid Fractures
•  Radial Club Hand
•  Rheumatoid Arthritis
•  Metacarpal Fractures
•  Giant Cell Tumors (GCT) Tendon Sheath
•  Phalangeal Fractures
•  Congenital Trigger Thumb
•  Radial Nerve Injury
•  Median Nerve Injury
•  Extensor Tendon Injuries
•  Flexor Tendon Injuries
•  Ulnar Nerve Injuries
•  Nerve Injuries Finger
•  Mallet Finger
•  Thumb Extensor Tendon (EPL) Rupture
•  Dupuytren’s Contracture /Disease